I forget to bring my umbrella. （我忘记带伞了。）（表示动作尚未发生。）
I will never forget seeing you. （我永远不会忘记见到你的情景。）（表示动作已经发生了。）
I meant to call on him. （我想去看望他。）（打算做。。。）
This means wasting time. （ 这就意味着浪费时间。）（意味着； 也就是。。。）
Having washed the clothes, I went on to sweep the floor. （我洗衣服接着就扫地。）（干完一件事，接着干另一件事。）
They went on doing their work after a short rest. （他们休息一会儿，又继续干活了。）（一直做同一件事。）
The enemy was afraid to come after us. （敌人不敢追我们。）（不敢去做一件事。）
She was afraid of making mistakes. （她怕犯错误。） （害怕某一结果。）
补充常用v+ing 的句型。
1．go＋doing 的结构，表示“去干某事”的意思，多指从事与体育、娱乐有关的活动。例如：
go fishing 去钓鱼 go hunting去打猎 go riding 去骑马
go shopping 去购物 go dancing 去跳舞 go climbing去爬山
go boating 去划船 go climbing 去爬山 go shooting 去射击
go farming 去务农 go teaching从教 go nursing 当护士
go soldiering 当兵 go nutting 采坚果
2．There is no + v+ing 表示“是不可能的”
e.g. There is no knowing how old shi is.
= It is impossible to know how old she is.
= We don’t know how old she is.
3. on + v+ing 表示“一。。。就。。。”
e.g. On hearing this news, I changed my plan.
4. have difficulty, trouble, a problem, a hard/good time,（等表示情感的词） +(in)+v+ing.表示“。。。有困难（麻烦。。。）”
e.g. We have difficulty (in) solving the problem.
5. keep, stop, restrain, hold + Sb. / Sth.+ from + v+ing… 表示“阻止某人/某物做谋事”
e.g. Nothing can stop me from going to school.
V+ing 在句中作宾语 、表语或主语时，如果它的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一样时，要有自己的逻辑主语。用“物主代词、名词所有格、名词通格、代词宾格”在 v+ing 前面表示逻辑主语。作宾语和表语时，常用物主代词、所有格、通格、宾格；作主语时，常用所有格和物主代词。
e.g. Their coming to help us was a great encouragement to us.
Does he object to Xiao Ming’s joining the amateur drama group?
I don’t like my sister’s going to such a place. (=I don’t like my sister going to such a place.)
Please excuse my/me troubling you with my problems.
独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)
状语有时可以由一名或代词和另一个成分构成的复合结构担任，称为独立结构。常见的复合结构有下面几类：
1） 名词或代词+分词
e.g. He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.
The storm having destroyed their small room, they had to live in a cave.
2）名词或代词+形容词
e.g. He entered the room, his nose red with cold.
3）名词或代词+副词
e.g. he put on his socks wrong side out.
4）名词或代词+不定式
e.g. Here are the first two volumes, the third one to cone out next month.
5）名词或代词+介词短语
e.g. The two soldiers went up the mountain, gun in hand
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